Anchor bolt drilling vehicles are important equipment in underground engineering, tunnel construction, mining and other fields. As mechanical equipment for high-load and high-intensity operations, their working condition directly affects the safety and efficiency of the project. Therefore, it is of vital importance to carry out regular maintenance and servicing of the anchor bolt drilling vehicle. Reasonable maintenance and care can not only extend the service life of equipment, improve operational efficiency, but also reduce the occurrence of faults and enhance safety. This article will delve into the key points of maintenance and upkeep for anchor bolt drilling vehicles.
I. Basic Structure and Working Principle of Anchor Bolt Drilling Vehicle
To better understand the maintenance and repair requirements of anchor bolt drilling vehicles, it is first necessary to know their basic structure and working principle. The anchor bolt drilling vehicle is a mechanical equipment integrating multiple functions such as drilling, grouting, and anchor bolt installation. It mainly includes:
Power system: It usually includes diesel engines, electric motors or hydraulic systems, providing power for the entire equipment.
Drilling system: Mainly composed of drill bit, spindle, electric motor, hydraulic drive device, etc., it is responsible for drilling operations.
Feed system: It is used to control the drilling depth and Angle, and can be precisely adjusted through hydraulic or electric mechanisms.
Grouting system: Grouting operations are carried out through hydraulic pumps or pneumatic systems to ensure a tight bond between the anchor rods and the rock strata.
Operating system: It includes the control console, hydraulic valves, control levers, etc. Workers operate and adjust the equipment through this system.
Ii. Common Faults of Anchor Bolt Drilling Vehicles and Their Causes
After understanding the structure of the anchor bolt drilling vehicle, we can more clearly identify its common faults and causes. Common faults include:
Severe wear or damage of the drill bit: Frequent use of the drill bit can easily lead to wear, especially when drilling in hard rock strata, the service life of the drill bit may be greatly shortened.
Power system failure: A malfunction of the engine or electric motor can prevent the drilling vehicle from starting or operating normally. Common causes include fuel or battery problems, poor lubrication, excessively high temperatures, etc.
Hydraulic system failure: The hydraulic system is one of the core systems of the anchor drill vehicle. Faults may manifest as insufficient pressure, oil leakage from the hydraulic pump, pipeline blockage or damage to the hydraulic cylinder.
Grouting system failure: Blockage or leakage of the grouting system can lead to uneven grouting, affecting the fixation effect of anchor rods and further impacting the geological reinforcement effect.
Control system failure: Problems with the operating system may lead to improper setting of working parameters or inaccurate operation actions, affecting the overall performance of the drilling vehicle.
Iii. Key Points for Maintenance and Repair of Anchor Bolt Drilling Vehicles
To ensure the normal operation of the anchor bolt drilling vehicle and reduce the occurrence of faults, regular maintenance and upkeep are necessary. The following will conduct a detailed analysis from six aspects: power system, hydraulic system, electrical system, drilling system, grouting system and daily inspection.
1. Maintenance and repair of the power system
The power system is the core part of the anchor bolt drilling vehicle. Ensuring its normal operation is the foundation for the stable operation of the equipment. The maintenance of the power system mainly includes the following points:
Regularly change the lubricating oil: The lubricating oil of diesel engines or electric motors needs to be replaced at the time intervals recommended by the manufacturer. Expired lubricating oil can cause wear and tear on engine components and increase the failure rate of the power system.
Clean the air filter: The function of the air filter is to filter out dust and impurities in the air and prevent them from entering the engine. If the filter is clogged, it will lead to a reduction in the engine's intake air volume and lower the power output. Regular cleaning or replacement is required.
Check the fuel system: Regularly inspect the fuel filter, fuel pump, fuel lines, etc., to ensure the smooth operation of the fuel supply system and prevent engine stalling or power reduction caused by insufficient fuel supply.
Check the battery and electrical connections: For electric drive systems, regularly check the battery's power and voltage to ensure it is within the normal operating range. At the same time, check whether the electrical connections are loose to avoid poor electrical contact.
Exhaust system inspection: Exhaust pipes and exhaust valves are prone to blockage by pollutants such as coal dust and oil stains, and need to be inspected and cleaned regularly to ensure normal engine exhaust.
2. Maintenance and upkeep of hydraulic systems
The hydraulic system is an important component of the anchor drill vehicle. Components such as hydraulic pumps, hydraulic valves, hydraulic cylinders and pipelines are the key to ensuring the working accuracy of the drill vehicle. The key points for maintaining a hydraulic system include:
Regularly check the quality of the oil: The quality of the hydraulic oil directly affects the working efficiency of the hydraulic system. The oil should be kept clean and the oil level within the specified range. The replacement cycle of hydraulic oil is usually every 1,000 hours or half a year, and it should be adjusted in a timely manner according to different working environments.
Replace the hydraulic filter element: The hydraulic filter element filters impurities and dirt in the oil to prevent them from entering the hydraulic pump and valves. Regular replacement of hydraulic filter elements can prevent clogging and overheating of the hydraulic system.
Inspect the hydraulic pipelines: Regularly check the hydraulic pipes, joints and valves for any leakage or looseness to prevent hydraulic oil leakage from causing system failure.
Exhaust system inspection: Air and moisture in the hydraulic system can affect its working effect. Regularly remove the air from the system to maintain its effective operation.
3. Maintenance and repair of the electrical system
The electrical system of the anchor bolt drilling vehicle is responsible for controlling key functions such as the start and stop of the equipment and the adjustment of operation parameters. Key points for the maintenance and upkeep of electrical systems include:
Regularly inspect cables and joints: Cables and joints in the electrical system need to be kept in good condition. Check if the cables are aged, worn or damaged to avoid short circuits or power outages.
Check the control panel and operation buttons: The operation panel and buttons may have poor contact or malfunction due to frequent use. Regularly inspect these components to ensure the sensitivity of the operating system.
Clean electrical components: Relays, switches and other parts in the electrical system are prone to dust accumulation. Regular cleaning of these components can extend their service life and improve their working stability.
4. Maintenance and upkeep of the drilling system
The drilling system is responsible for drilling operations and is the main working component of the anchor bolt drilling vehicle. The key points for maintaining the drilling system include:
Regularly inspect the drill bit: The drill bit is a component that is prone to wear during the drilling process. Depending on different geological conditions, drill bits need to be inspected regularly for wear, cracks or fractures, and replaced when necessary.
Check the connection between the main shaft and the motor: The connection part between the main shaft and the motor should be kept tight to avoid loosening or damage, which may affect the drilling accuracy and efficiency.
Adjust the drilling feed system: The accuracy of the feed system directly affects the depth and Angle of the borehole. Regular inspection and calibration are required to ensure the accuracy of the borehole.
5. Maintenance and upkeep of grouting systems
The function of the grouting system is to enhance the bonding force between the anchor bolt and the rock layer by injecting grout. The key points of its maintenance include
Inspect the grouting pump: The grouting pump is the core component of the grouting system. It is necessary to regularly check the pump's sealing performance, pressure and flow rate to ensure its normal operation.
Clean the grouting pipeline: Grouting pipelines and nozzles are prone to clogging by slurry deposits. Regular cleaning of the pipelines and nozzles can prevent uneven grouting or clogging.
Check the grouting pressure: Regularly inspect the working pressure of the grouting system to ensure it is within the normal range and avoid excessively high or low pressure affecting the grouting effect.
6. Daily inspection and maintenance
In addition to the specific checks of the above-mentioned systems, daily maintenance and inspection are equally important, mainly including:
Equipment appearance inspection: Before starting work every day, conduct an appearance inspection of the equipment to check for obvious oil leakage, cracks or loose parts, and promptly identify potential problems.
Clean the equipment: After work is completed, clean the equipment, especially the drill bit, hydraulic system and electrical parts, to prevent the accumulation of dirt and affect the performance of the equipment.
Regular lubrication: Regularly lubricate all moving parts of the equipment to prevent excessive wear caused by lack of lubrication.
4. Conclusion
As a high-intensity operation equipment, the maintenance and upkeep of anchor bolt drilling vehicles are crucial for ensuring the long-term stable operation of the equipment. By regularly inspecting and maintaining components such as the power system, hydraulic system, electrical system, drilling system, and grouting system, the service life of equipment can be effectively prolonged, the failure rate can be reduced, and the operational efficiency and safety can be enhanced. Regular preventive maintenance and repair are the key to ensuring the effective and stable operation of the anchor bolt drilling vehicle.
